友情提示:本文共有 4432 个字,阅读大概需要 9 分钟。
Unit 7 What"s the highest mountain in the word?
Unit7 词汇讲解
1. population
population意为“人口”时,是一个集体名词,被看作一个整体,在句中做主语时,后面的谓语动词用单数形式。例如:
The population ofis large.
中国人口众多。
【拓展】
(1) 当表示一个城市、地区或国家有多少人口时,常用以下两种结构,即“the population of + 某地 + is + 数词”或“某地 + has a population of + 数词”。例如:
The population of London is over ten million. =
London has a population of over ten million.
伦敦的人口超过一千万。
(2) population可与large,small搭配,但不能与many,few搭配。例如:
The city with its large population has become crowded.
这个人口众多的城市变得拥挤不堪了。
(3) 询问人口数量常用what或how large。例如:
What"s the population of the city? =
How large is the population of the city?
这个城市有多少人口?
(4) population前有修饰词,如分数、百分数时,表示整体人口中的一部分,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:
One half of the population of the city are farmers.
这个城市的一半人口是农民。
2. protect
protect作及物动词,意为“保护”。常用搭配protect sb./sth. from/against(doing)…,意为“保护某人/某物免受……伤害”。例如:
We should protect rare animals.
我们应该保护珍稀动物。
3. include
include作动词,意为“包括;包含”。例如:
The price for the hotel includes breakfast.
旅店的费用包括早餐在内。
【拓展】
including除了是include的现在分词/动名词之外,在日常运用中一般被当作介词使用,和其后的名词/代词一起形成介宾短语,意思是“包括……在内”。例如:
There are many different kinds of moon cakes, including fruit, coffee and ham.
有很多种月饼,包括水果的,咖啡的和火腿月饼。
同样,included也有介词用法,且:including + 宾语 = 宾语 + included。
所以上个例句亦可写成:There are 40 students in the classroom, me included.
4. succeed
succeed作不及物动词,意为“成功”;表示做某事做成功了,
succeed 后通常接in doing sth。例如:
His plan succeeded.他的计划成功了。
She succeeded in passing the exam. 她考试及格了。
【拓展】
(1)success 表示抽象意义的“成功”,作不可数名词;表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如:
Failure is the mother of success.
失败是成功之母。
His new book was a great success.
他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。
(2)successful作形容词,意为“成功的”。例如:
The performance was successful. 演出很成功。
It was a successful experiment.
那是一次成功的试验。
5. achieve
(1)achieve作及物动词,意为“完成;实现”。例如:
You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way.
你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。
No one can achieve anything without effort.
谁也不可能不努力而有所作为。
(2)achieve作及物动词,意为“达到;赢得”。例如:
The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen.
那位演员十九岁时就成名了。
【拓展】
achievement作名词,意为“成就;成绩”。例如:
The invention of the computer is a great achievement.
发明电脑是一大成就。
6. force
(1)force作名词,意为“力;力量;武力”。例如:
The law should remain in force.
法律应当有效力。
We"ll settle the problem by force if necessary.
如果有必要的话,我们会用武力解决这个问题。
(2)force作动词,意为“强迫”。force sb. to do sth.意为“强迫某人做某事”。例如:
I can’t force him to stay.
我不能强迫他暂时留下来。
7. weigh
weigh表示“称……的重量”,是及物动词;表示“重(多少)”,是不及物动词。
He weighed the fish. 他称了这条鱼。
He weighs 60 kilos. 他体重60公斤。
【拓展】
weight是名词,意为“重量,体重”。例如:
What’s your weight? 你体重是多少?
比较:by weight 和 in weight
by weight表示“按重量”,in weight表示“重量上”。例如:
Do they charge carriage by weight?
他们是按重量收取运费吗?
It’s smaller in size but greater in weight.
它体积比较小,但分量比较重。
8. 25 meters deep
在英语中,表示事物的长、宽、高、深等时,其结构是
基数词+单位名词+形容词(long,wide,tall,deep等)
9. take in
take in意为“吸入;吞入(体内)”。例如:
On weekends the Smiths usually drive to the countryside and take in the fresh air there.
周末,史密斯一家常驱车到农村去呼吸那里的新鲜空气。
【拓展】
(1)take in意为“领会;理解”。例如:
Before you translate a sentence, you should first take in the meaning of the words.
动手翻译句子之前,首先要理解单词的含义。
(2)take in意为“欺骗;蒙蔽”。例如:
Law will protect the girl taken in and sold by the abductor.
法律将保护那位被人贩子欺骗和拐卖的姑娘。
(3) take in意为“接收;收留”。例如:
The poor man had nowhere to live in, so we took him in.
那个可怜的人没有地方住,所以我们让他住在我家。
10. any other 其他任何一个,后接可数名词单数
指在同一范围内除了某人或事物以为的其他任何人或事物
通常用于比较急,多用于同一范围内相比较。
Lucy is more careful than any other student in her class.
= Lucy is more careful than the other students in her class.
= Lucy is the most careful student in her class.
11a lot 很多,做副词短语,修饰动词,放在动词之后。相当于very much.
It usually rains a lot at this time of year.
a lot of =lots of+ 复数名词=many+复数名词=much+不可数名词
12.much, a little 可用于比较级前
It has much longer history than the US. (中国)比美国的历史长得多。
13. one of the + adj最高级 + 名词复数
one of the world"s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing,…
登山时世界上最危险的运动之一。
二、重点句型
1.It is adj (for sb.) to do sth.
It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top.
当你接近山顶时,连呼吸都会困难。
2….is because…
One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties.
其中的一个主要的原因是人们想要在面临困难时挑战自己。
3…..show(s) that….
The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams.
这些登山者的精神向我们证明:我们永远都不应该放弃自己的梦想。
4.How high/deep/…is …?
How high is Qomolangma?
珠穆朗玛峰有多高?
5.altough
Although Japan is older than Canada, it is much smaller.
虽然日本比加拿大更有悠久的历史,但是日本比加拿大小多了。
6. sb spend time/money doing sth.
Adult pandasspend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.
成年大熊猫一天要花12个多小时的时间吃大约10 公斤的竹子。
同学们,这个单元知识点还比较简单,一定要掌握形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法,如果不清晰不要紧,下次我会单独把比较级和最高级整理出来!
本文如果对你有帮助,请点赞收藏《优秀英语教师总结——英语八下各单元知识点(七)》,同时在此感谢原作者。