短文改错作为很多学生的短板，不管考多少次，练习多少次都难以提升，今天我将短文填空的3步做题法分享给大家。
第一步 熟悉设错方式及命题特点
1、设错方式：
多词：主要集中在冠词、介词、助动词、代词、不定式符号、固定搭配
少词：主要集中在冠词、介词、助动词、代词、不定式符号、语义重复、固定搭配
错词：主要集中在名词单复数、形容词/副词互变，冠词、介词、连词、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词，代词、从句中的引导词、主谓一致
2、命题特点：“四不改”
1）单词拼写
2）大小写
3）语序错误
4）标点符号
第二步 掌握做题步骤
1、通读全文，了解大意的同时数句子个数
2、逐词逐句翻译
3、统计错误个数及类型
4、在有可能错误句子中优先寻找可能的错误 类型
第三步 把握命题规律
通过对历届高考英语短文改错的深入研究和反复对比会发现：高考短改的错误设计是有规律的。
1、多词
1）冠词→掌握零冠词的用法
2）介词
①及物动词后接宾语时误加介词
eg:We"re hoping to settle something that bothers to you.
The book I"m reading of talks about afternoon tea.
②在一些可直接用作状语的词或短语前误加介词in/on/for等
eg: We finally dropped Gina off at her parents" and made our way to home.
He left for Germany and finally settled in the United States.
It is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel.
It will be impossible for me to attend the meeting on this Sunday.
3）不定式符号→“一感，二听，三使，四看，五帮助”
4）be动词/助动词had→不用被动语态却用了
该用一般过去时用了过去完成时
5）人称代词多余→定从中关系词代替先行词充当成分时不需要代词指代
eg:The chance I grasped it has been a turning point in my life.
6）两个连接词不能并用引导一个从句
eg: Father asked me that what I would want as my birthday present.
7）误加语义重复的词：
two/both, all/whole, return/back,only/just等
eg: We returned back to the campsite to have supper.
She was only/just strange.
8）固定搭配及习惯用语
2、少词
1）冠词→ a.单数名词前少a/an
b.序数词、最高级前少the
c.名词表特指或第二次提到时少加the
d.特殊词的用法：same/such等
2）介词→ a.不及物动词后少加介词
b.固定搭配
3）不定式符号→该用to的时候少加to
eg:He did everything he could help his son solve the problem.
4）被动语态中少助动词be
eg: Poisonous waste is dumped into rivers without treated.
We supposed to introduce our products.
5）少代词
eg:I would appreciate if you would agree.
6）从句中缺连接词
eg:Today I decided to bless Jane is 90 years old.
An elephant managed to move a stone stood in the way.
7）缺人称代词
eg:For a while parents bought me new toys.
8）常用结构或表达中缺冠词或介词
3、错词
1）名词
a. 单复数：①该用单数用了复数
②该用复数用了单数
③不可数名词后+s
b. 名词修饰语错：many---much
c. 名词格的错误
eg:I was playing at my cousin house.
d. one of +最高级+n（复）
e.该用名词用了形容词
eg:Thank you for your interesting in the conference for high school students.
The students who don"t realize the dangerous of obesity only make up 15%.
2）动词
a. 时态：※时间状语错：before---ago
※该用一般过去时用了过去完成时
※该用现在完成时用了过去完成时
※该用单三用了原形
※该用一般现在时用了一般过去时
※动词过去式与过去分词互变：began-begun
3）形容词/副词
a. 形容词与副词互变
b. 比较级、最高级
c. -ing与-ed互变
d. 同根副词混用：hard-hardly
e. 其它一些形容词/副词的混用：
many-much so-suh another-other
much-more very-quite yet-already
sleep-asleep too-either late-later
far(表距离时前有具体数词，不用far)
4）代词
a. 指代错误：athe-she
b. 代词的单复数错：he-they one-ones
c. 格的错误
d. 其它词的误用：this-that all-both
5）非谓语动词
a. 动词个数不对
b. -ing与-ed互变
c. 加减to
d. 特殊词用法：including-included be based
6）冠词
a. 该用an用了a；表泛指用了the
b. a/an---the 互变
7）连词
a. and-but-so-or-for等各种关系间的互变
b. 让步状语从句中though/although不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用
c. but-however although-even
therefore-however-besides间的互变
8）介词---习惯表达
9）从句
a. 一个句子中出现2个动词
b. 从句引导词错：※that-which
※名词性从句中that-what-how互变
※关系代词与关系副词互变
※状语从句引导词错
eg:That is which other teachers say.
10）主谓一致
a. 三大原则
b. 定语从句中的主谓一致
