我们同学在考试时有时候会遇到被动语态，今天来给大家介绍下被动语态的用法。
运用
第一种情况：不知道动作的执行者，就是不知道谁干的
Dan"s bike was stolen last week.
丹的自行车上周被偷了。
My windows were broken yesterday.
我的窗户昨天被打烂了。
第二种情况：没有必要交代动作的执行者，就是说：不用说出来大家也知道谁干的
Rice is also grown in North China.
华北地区也种水稻。
A new railway station will be built next year.
明年要建一座新的火车站。
第三种情况：为了强调动作的承受者，这里我们比较一下主动和被动：
Prisoners of War built the bridge.
战俘修建了这座桥。
此句的主句是 Prisoners of War，是来回答 Who built the bridge? 这个问句，所以此句强调的是动作的执行者---战俘，交代战俘做了什么事。
变被动之后：
The bridge was built by Prisoners of War.
这座桥是被战俘修建的。
这样说的话，主语变成了“the bridge”---这座桥，此句是回答 What was built? 所以此句是强调“什么被建造”即强调动作的承受者。
又如：
The book was written by Shi Naian.
这本书是施耐庵写的。
以上是被动语态使用的三种情况或者说时机，第三种虽然强调动作的承受者，但一般也要交代动作的执行者，用 by + 执行者 来表达。
主动语态变成被动语态
1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。
主动语态：人们说英语。
People speak English in many countries.
被动语态：英语被说。
English is spoken in many countries..
主动语态：我们造这座桥。
We built this bridge last year.
被动语态：这座桥被建造。
This bridge was built last year.
2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。
主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语)
Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.
被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。
You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.
主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语)
You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.
被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.
These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.
主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).
They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.
被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章.
He was given a medal for his wonderful work.
被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.
A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.
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