2021年全国统一高考英语试卷（乙卷）试题解析

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2021年全国统一高考英语试卷（乙卷）试题解析

备注：仅听力部分答案省略

第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例： How much is the shirt？A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.

1．（1.5分）What is the man doing？

A. Asking the way.

B. Giving directions.

C. Correcting a mistake.

2．（1.5分）What dress size does the woman want？

A.8.

B.10.

C.12.

3．（1.5分）What is the woman likely to do？

A. Make a phone call.

B. Handle the problem.

C. Have a rest.

4．（1.5分）Which tour does the man seem to be interested in？

A. The evening tour.

B. The half﹣day tour.

C. The full﹣day tour.

5．（1.5分）Where are the speakers？

A. At a canteen.

B. At a clinic.

C. At a bank.

【解析】略

第二节 （满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听材料，回答各题。

6．（3分）听材料，回答各题。

（1）What does the woman think of the match？

A. Entertaining.

B. Discouraging.

C. Boring.

（2）What do the speakers plan to do on Tuesday afternoon？

A. Watch a game.

B. Play tennis.

C. Go to the cinema.

7．（4.5分）听材料，回答各题。

（1）What does the man advise Mrs. White to do？

A. Go on a diet.

B. Do more exercise.

C. Get enough sleep.

（2）Which can be included in Mrs. White"s breakfast？

A. Eggs.

B. Sausages.

C. Porridge.

（3）What is the man？

A. A teacher.

B. A physician.

C. A chef.

8．（6分）听材料，回答各题。

（1）How does Nancy look to Daniel？

A. Confused.

B. Excited.

C. Anxious.

（2）Why does Daniel mention his performance in a play？

A. To comfort Nancy.

B. To express his regret.

C. To show his pride.

（3）What is Nancy going to do next week？

A. Take a school test.

B. Have a check﹣up.

C. Go in for a competition.

（4）What does Daniel offer to do for Nancy？

A. Rewrite her lines.

B. Drive her to the theatre.

C. Help her with the practice.

9．（4.5分）听材料，回答各题。

（1）What was Prof. Stone"s grandfather afraid of？

A. Leaving his home.

B.Parting from his son.

C. Taking early retirement.

（2）What does old age mean to many elderly Americans？

A. Lack of moral support.

B. Loss of self﹣worth.

C. Change of living habits.

（3）What will Prof. Stone talk about next concerning elderly people？

A. Public services they ask for.

B. Health care available to them.

C. Contributions they can make.

10．（4.5分）听材料，回答各题。

（1）What does the speaker"s mother want her to be？

A.A confident person.

B.A warm﹣hearted person.

C.A humorous person.

（2）Why did the speaker feel lonely in her childhood？

A. She often traveled by herself.

B. Her family moved frequently.

C. Her mother was busy working.

（3）What does the speaker mainly talk about？

A. Importance of home schooling.

B. Mother﹣daughter relationship.

C. A role model in her family.

【解析】略

第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

11．（6分）

The Biggest Stadiums in the World

People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 8 A.D.， the Romans built the Colosseum， which remains the world"s best known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design.Rome"s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances，seating 50，000 people.However，that was small fry compared with the city"s Circus Maximus，which accommodated around 250，000 people.

These days，safety regulations﹣not to mention the modern sports fan"s desire for a good view and a comfortable seat﹣tend to keep stadium capacities（容量）slightly lower.Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each；gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.

For the biggest stadiums in the world，we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far，which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity，as well as updated information from official stadium websites.

All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.

Rungrado 1st of May Stadium，Pyongyang，D.P.R.Korea.Capacity：150，000.Opened：May 1，1989.

Michigan Stadium， Ann Arbor，Michigan， U.S. Capacity：107，601. Opened：October 1，1927.

Beaver Stadium，State College，Pennsylvania，U.S. Capacity：106，572.Opened：September 17，1960.

Ohio Stadium， Columbus， Ohio， U.S. Capacity：104，944. Opened： October 7， 1922.

Kyle Field， College Station， Texas， U.S. Capacity：102，512. Opened： September 24，1927.

（1）How many people could the Circus Maximus hold？D

A.104，944.

B.107，601.

C.About 150，000.

D.About 250，000.

（2）Of the following stadiums， which is the oldest？C

A.Michigan Stadium.

B.Beaver Stadium.

C.Ohio Stadium.

D.Kyle Field.

（3）What do the listed stadiums have in common？A

A.They host big games.

B.They have become tourist attractions.

C.They were built by Americans.

D.They are favored by architects.

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第一段However，that was small fry compared with the city"s Circus Maximus，which accommodated around 250，000 people.然而，与容纳了大约25万人的Circus Maximus相比，这只是小菜一碟。可知，Circus Maximus可以容纳的人数是25万，故选D.

（2）C.细节理解题。根据Michigan Stadium﹣Opened：October 1，1927.该体育馆于1927年10月1日开放；Beaver Stadium﹣Opened：September 17，1960.该体育馆于1960年9月17日开放；Ohio Stadium﹣Opened： October 7， 1922.该体育馆于1922年10月7日开放；Kyle Field﹣Opened： September 24，1927.该体育馆于1927年9月24日开放。可知，时间最久、最古老的体育馆是Ohio Stadium，距今有99年，故选C.

（3）A.推理判断题。根据第四段All these stadiums are still functional，still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.所有这些体育场仍然是功能齐全的，仍然开放，仍然举办世界体育最大的事件。可知，本文提到的几个体育馆都举办重大的体育赛事，故选A.

12．（8分）When almost everyone has a mobile phone，why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline（座机）？

These days you"d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn"t own a mobile phone.In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere，anytime.

Still，55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter（29%）rely only on their smartphones，according to a survey（调查）. Of those Australians who still have a landline，a third concede that it"s not really necessary and they"re keeping it as a security blanket ﹣ 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.

More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone.Age is naturally a factor （因素） ﹣ only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then，compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who"ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.Age isn"t the only factor；I"d say it"s also to do with the makeup of your household.

Generation Xers with young families，like my wife and I，can still find it convenient to have a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said，to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents，to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID would take the fun out of it）.

How attached are you to your landline？How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？

（1）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones？

A.Their target users.

B.Their wide popularity.

C.Their major functions.

D.Their complex design.

（2）What does the underlined word "concede" in paragraph 3 mean？A

A.Admit.

B.Argue.

C.Remember.

D.Remark.

（3）What can we say about Baby Boomers？C

A.They like smartphone games.

B.They enjoy guessing callers" identity.

C.They keep using landline phones.

D.They are attached to their family.

（4）What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph？

A.It remains a family necessity.

B.It will fall out of use some day.

C.It may increase daily expenses.

D.It is as important as the gas light.

【解析】（1）B.段落大意题。根据第二段In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere， anytime.事实上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有。几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话。可知，第二段主要讲述了在澳大利亚手机是非常普及的，它们广受欢迎，故选B.

（2）A.词义猜测题。根据第三段Of those Australians who still have a landline， a third concede that it"s not really necessary and they"re keeping its as security blanket ﹣ 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.在那些仍然有座机的澳大利亚人中，有三分之一的人﹣﹣﹣这并不是真的必要，他们把座机当作安全毯﹣﹣﹣19%的人说他们从不使用座机，还有13%保留座机是为了以防万一。可知，有座机的人对于座机的存在都有不同的看法，不会使用或不常用。因此，他们认为座机的不是很必要。划线单词意为："承认"，A.Admit承认；B.Argue争论；C.Remember记得；D.Remark评论，故选A.

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段Age is naturally a factor （因素） ﹣ only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then，compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who"ve perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.年龄自然是一个因素﹣只有58%的Y一代仍然时不时地使用固定电话。相比之下，婴儿潮一代中有84%的人可能已经有50年相同的家庭号码了。可知，婴儿潮一代人习惯了使用固定的座机来进行联系，故选C.

（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段 How attached are you to your landline？ How long until they go the way of gas street lamps and morning milk deliveries？你和你的座机有多亲密？离煤气路灯和早上送牛奶还有多久？可知，曾经我们都使用煤气路灯以及早上送牛奶，而现在这种情况基本已经不见了，言外之意就是现在座机的使用必将被淘汰，远离我们的生活，故选B.

13．（8分）You"ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans﹣between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference？Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re﹣examine their relationship to single﹣use plastic products.

At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse，" a pair of 10﹣foot﹣tall plastic waves，frozen mid﹣crash. Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups， the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam.

Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution，but they"ve recently come under fire because most people don"t need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight， they cannot be recycled. Every straw that"s part of Von Wong"s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone， the straw will take centuries to disappear.

In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds，a truckload"s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work，titled "Truckload of Plastic，" Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they"d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all at once.

Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

（1）What are Von Wong"s artworks intended for？C

A. Beautifying the city he lives in.

B. Introducing eco﹣friendly products.

C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.

D. Reducing garbage on the beach.

（2）Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3？A

A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.

B. To explain why they are useful.

C. To voice his views on modern art.

D. To find a substitute for them.

（3）What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers？

A. Calming.

B. Disturbing.

C. Refreshing.

D. Challenging.

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？D

A. Artists" Opinions on Plastic Safety

B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art

C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies

D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据原文第一段He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re﹣examine their，relationship to single﹣use plastic products.（他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视自己与一次性塑料产品的关系。）可知他想让公众注意到塑料污染的危害性。C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.（引起公众对塑料垃圾的注意）正确。故选C.

（2）A.推理判断题。根据原文第三段Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution，but they"ve recently come under fire because most people don"t need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight， they cannot be recycled.（塑料吸管绝不是最大的塑料污染源，但它们最近却受到了抨击，因为大多数人不需要吸管喝饮料，而且由于它们体积小、重量轻，无法回收利用。）可知这一段提到塑料吸管是为了告诉大家塑料吸管的特殊性导致回收非常困难。A. To show the difficult of their recycling.（展示它们回收的困难）正确。故选A.

（3）B.推理判断题。根据原文倒数第二段In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds，a truckload"s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work，titled "Truckload of Plastic，" Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they"d been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.（ 在2018年的一篇文章中，冯王（Von Wong）想说明一个具体的统计数字：每60秒，就有一卡车塑料进入海洋。这项名为"一卡车塑料"的工作，冯王和一组志愿者收集了一万多块塑料，然后把它们绑在一起，让它们看起来像是同时从卡车上倾倒下来的。）可推测这样的景象很有震撼性，从而会让观众感到不安。A. Calming.镇静的；B. Disturbing.令人不安的；C. Refreshing.令人耳目一新的；D. Challenging.挑战的。故选B.

（4）D.标题归纳题。根据原文第一段You"ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans﹣between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference？Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re﹣examine their，relationship to single﹣use plastic products.（你已经听说了塑料正在污染海洋——每年有480万吨到1270万吨塑料进入海洋生态系统。但一根塑料吸管或一个塑料杯真的有什么区别吗？艺术家本杰明冯王（Benjamin Von Wong）想让你知道，它确实如此。他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视自己与一次性塑料产品的关系。）可知文章主要讲述海洋里的塑料垃圾被环保主义者做成一个巨型雕像，及其震撼，引发人们对塑料污染的反思。因此D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures（海洋塑料转化为雕塑）为最佳标题。故选D.

14．（8分）During an interview for one of my books，my interviewer said something I still think about often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰） in his open office，he said，"That"s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street ﹣ so I can focus." His comment struck me as strange. After all，coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.

The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background，from total silence to 50 decibels（分贝），70 decibels，and 85 decibels. The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant；however，the participants in the 70 decibels group ﹣ those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop ﹣ significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small，this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.

But since the results at 70 decibels were significant，the study also suggests that the right level of background noise ﹣ not too loud and not total silence ﹣ may actually improve one"s creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander，without making it impossible to focus. This kind of "distracted focus" appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.

So why do so many of us hate our open offices？The problem may be that，in our offices，we can"t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others" conversations while we"re trying to focus. Indeed，the researchers found that face﹣to﹣face interactions and conversations affect the creative process，and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.

（1）Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space？A

A.It helps him concentrate.

B.It blocks out background noise.

C.It has a pleasant atmosphere.

D.It encourages face﹣to﹣face interactions.

（2）Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability？C

A.Total silence.

B.50 decibels.

C.70 decibels.

D.85 decibels.

（3）What makes an open office unwelcome to many people？D

A.Personal privacy unprotected.

B.Limited working space.

C.Restrictions on group discussion.

D.Constant interruptions.

（4）What can we infer about the author from the text？D

A.He"s a news reporter.

B.He"s an office manager.

C.He"s a professional designer.

D.He"s a published writer.

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段That"s why I have a membership at the coworking space across the street ﹣ so I can focus.这就是为什么我在街对面的联合办公空间有会员资格——这样我就可以集中精力了。可知采访者更喜欢联合办公室的原因是有助于集中精力。故选A。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第二段however，the participants in the 70 decibels group ﹣ those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop ﹣ significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were small，this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total silence and 85 decibels of background noise.然而，音量为70分贝的那组参与者（置身于类似于咖啡店背景噪音的环境中）的表现明显好于其他组。由于影响很小，这可能表明，我们的创造性思维在完全安静和85分贝的背景噪音下的反应没有太大区别。可知70分贝可能提高创造性思维能力。故选C。

（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段So why do so many of us hate our open offices？The problem may be that，in our offices，we can"t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others" conversations while we"re trying to focus.那么，为什么我们中有那么多人讨厌开放式办公室呢？问题可能是，在我们的办公室里，当我们试图集中注意力时，我们无法阻止自己卷入别人的谈话中。可知，开放办公室对许多人来说不受欢迎的原因是不断的打扰。故选D。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据第一段During an interview for one of my books，my interviewer said something I still think about often.在一次采访我的一本书时，我的采访者说了一些我至今还经常想起的话。可知作者可能是一位出版作家。故选D。

第二节（满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

15．（10分）According to Jessica Hagy，author of How to Be Interesting，it"s not difficult to make yourself interesting at a dinner party.

（1） ，if you"re out of your comfort zone or if you"re wandering into somebody"s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous，trying different foods and talking to strangers.

People love to talk about themselves. If you can start the conversation with a question other than "What do you do for a living？"，you"ll be able to get a lot more interesting conversation out of whomever it is you"re talking to.（2）C，it can bring in "I have this old，broken﹣down vehicle" or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back." It just opens up conversation.

（3）F？If you can"t take their wine away，you should certainly try to take away their soapbox（讲台）. If you"re the host， you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation.（4）E.

And what about that other dinner﹣party killer：awkward silence？If you"re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment（赞扬）.（5）G. Just quickly turn around and say，"This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it."

So being interesting at a dinner party isn"t that hard.

A.How do you know the host

B.The first step is to go exploring

C.If you ask the question "How did you get here？"

D.Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers

E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say

F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won"t stop talking

G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most

【解析】（1）B. 标题归纳题。根据下文 if you"re out of your comfort zone or if you"re wandering into somebody"s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous， trying different foods and talking to strangers. 可知，如果你走出了自己的舒适区，或者你第一次走进别人的房子。所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈。可知此处说的是要去尝试新的事物。所以B项"The first step is to go exploring第一步是去探险"引出下文，符合语境。故选B.

（2）C. 推理判断题。根据下文it can bring in "I have this old，broken﹣down vehicle" or "I rode the bus with these crazy people who were laughing at silly jokes in the back." It just opens up conversation.它可以带来"我有一辆破旧的车"或者"我和这些疯狂的人一起坐公共汽车，他们在后面嘲笑愚蠢的笑话。"这只是打开了对话。"可知此处说的是你来的方式。所以"C.If you ask the question "How did you get here？如果你问你是怎么到这儿来的？"承上启下，符合语境。故选C.

（3）F. 标题归纳题。根据下文 If you can"t take their wine away， you should certainly try to take away their soapbox （讲台）. 可知，如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该试图带走他们的讲台。可知此处说的是客人喝多了。所以"F.What about that person who has had too much to drink or won"t stop talking那些喝了太多酒或不停说话的人怎么办"引出下文，符合语境。故选F.

（4）E. 推理判断题。根据上文 If you"re the host， you can ask them to help you in the kitchen with something and just remove them from the situation. 可知，如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，然后把他们赶出去。可知此处说的是客人喝多了一直在说。所以"E.Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say或者把谈话转到他们没什么好说的话题"承接上文，符合语境。故选E.

（5）G. 推理判断题。根据上文 If you"re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party， the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment （赞扬）.如果你在宴会上面对尴尬的沉默，唯一能让每个人都再次开口的就是恭维主人。 和下文 Just quickly turn around and say， "This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.快转身说："这个蛋糕非常好吃，你得告诉我所有的事情。"" 可知，上文提到如果你在晚宴上遭遇了尴尬的沉默，唯一能让大家再次交谈的方法就是赞美主人。下文提到你只需快速转过身，说："这块蛋糕非常美味，你必须告诉我关于它的一切。"可知此处说的是怎样缓解尴尬。所以"G.He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most他或她是最能感受到尴尬的人"承上启下，符合语境。故选G.

第三部分 语言知识运用 （共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

16．（30分）Simply saying thank you doesn"t seem enough in certain situations. I was considering this while working as a（1）C just a few weeks ago. And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different （2）Aof gratitude（感谢）.

My thoughts were soon（3） . We had a woman patient who was（4）D from a knee replacement operation. One afternoon，while（5）A to get into bed she collapsed （倒下）from what was（6）A discovered to be a heart attack. The collapse was disastrous，（7） the emergency medical team and good teamwork. But she recovered，though （8）C，and was ready for discharge （出院） after four weeks.

She was （9）A for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her. On her day of discharge， we shared in her（10） at her recovery. As she was（11）Dshe was eager to say （12）C to each of us in the nursing team. When she（13）Aone nurse，she tried to press a five﹣pound note into her hand. My colleague（14）D to accept it，saying that we were all just（15） our job. The patient looked puzzled，and then（16）C："Oh this isn"t for the（17）D I had. I take that as a（18） .No， this is for setting my hair yesterday."

And there you have it. To many people，（19）C lives is part of the job but styling hair is an （20）D and should be rewarded.

【解析】（1）C. 考查名词及语境理解。A.cleaner清洁工；B.chemist化学家；C.nurse护士；D.doctor医生。根据下文中的she was eager to say goodbye to each of us in the nursing team. 可知，她渴望和护理团队中的每个人说再见。所以说我是一名护士。故选C.

（2）A. 考查名词及语境理解。A.grades等级，年级；B.meanings意思；C.needs需要；D.expectations期待，盼望。根据上文中的Simply saying thank you doesn"t seem enough in certain situations和下文中的 if we had a range of words that express different（2）of gratitude（感谢）.可知，在某些场合仅仅简简单单地说一句谢谢似乎是远远不够的，所以作者就在想如果要是有一系列可以用来表达不同程度的感谢的词汇，那就变得更简单了。故选A.

（3）B. 考查动词词组及语境理解。A.brushed aside拂去；B.put to the test考验；C.brought under discussion引起讨论；D.taken into account考虑。根据下文中的My thoughts were soon（3）.We had a woman patient. 可知，那天我们科室来了一名女病人，这样一来作者之前的想法就要接受考验了。故选B.

（4）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A.departing启程，离开；B.escaping逃跑；C.retiring退休；D.recovering恢复。根据下文中的from knee replacement operation.可知，这个女病人刚刚做完膝盖手术，所以要处于恢复期。recover from意为：从……恢复。故选D.

（5）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A.attempting尝试；B.choosing选择；C.pausing暂停；D.promising承诺。根据下文中的while（5）to get into bed she collapsed （倒下）from what was discovered to be a heart attack.和The collapse was disastrous. 可知，当这个病人尝试着上床的时候，她倒下了，后来才发现她的心脏出了问题。这次摔倒是灾难性的。故选A。

（6）A. 考查副词及语境理解。A.eventually最终；B.fortunately幸运地；C.casually随意地；D.secretly秘密地。根据下文中的while to get into bed she collapsed （倒下）from what was（6）discovered to be a heart attack. 可知，当这个病人尝试着上床的时候，她倒下了，后来最终才发现是她的心脏出了问题。故选A.

（7）B. 考查动词及语境理解。A.assessing评估，估算；B.requiring要求；C.forming形成；D.proving证明。根据上文中的The collapse was disastrous和可the emergency medical team and good teamwork可知，这次女病人的摔倒是致命的。因此需要紧急医疗队和良好的团队合作。故选B.

（8）C. 考查副词及语境理解。A.slightly轻微地；B.accidentally意外；C.slowly慢慢地；D.happily开心地。根据下文中的But she recovered，and was ready for discharge （出院） after four weeks.可知，但是她逐渐地康复了，虽然有点慢，但是她四个星期后就准备出院了。故选C.

（9）A. 考查形容词及语境理解。A.grateful感激的，感恩的；B.thoughtful沉思的，深思的；C.sorrowful悲伤的；D.fearful害怕的。根据下文中的for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.可知，她想要对医疗团队和护士团队为她所做的一切的事情表示自己的感激之情。固定搭配be grateful for…意为：对……表示感激。故选A.

（10）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A.surprise惊讶；B.delight高兴；C.curiosity好奇；D.disappointment失望。根据下文中的On her day of discharge和at her discovery可知，在她出院那天，她高兴地分享着自己的康复。故选B.

（11）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A.operating操作，做手术；B.thinking思考；C.hesitating犹豫；D.leaving离开。根据上文中的On her day of discharge. 可知，在她出院那天，也就是说她康复了，要离开医院了，即当她要离开的时候。故选D.

（12）C. 考查名词及语境里。A.sorry对不起；B.hello你好；C.goodbye再见；D.yes对，是的，同意。根据上文中的On her day of discharge和下文中的she was eager to say（12）to each of us in the nursing team. 可知，在她康复出院那天，她和我们护士团队里面的每一个人都说了再见。故选C.

（13）A. 考查动词及语境理解。A.reached到达； B.consulted咨询；C.introduced介绍；D.persuading说服。根据下文中的she tried to press a five﹣pound note into her hand.可知，她尝试着将一张五英镑的钞票放到其中一名护士的手里。她要想放到手里，首先要走到这个护士身旁，故用reached到达来表示。故选A.

（14）D. 考查动词及语境理解。A.wished希望；B.pretended假装；C.failed失败；D.refused拒绝。根据下文中的 My colleague（14）to accept it和we were all just do our job可知，我的同事拒绝接受这些钱。并且说这是我们的本职工作。固定搭配：refuse to do sth意为：拒绝做某事。故选D.

（15）B. 考查动词及语境理解。A.enjoying喜欢，享受；B.doing做；C.securing保护；D.starting开始，启动。根据文中的My colleague refused to accept it和saying that we were all just（15）our job.可知，我的同事拒绝接受这些钱。并且说这是我们的本职工作。故选B.

（16）C. 考查动词及语境理解。A.repeated重复；B.recited背诵；C.replied回复，回应；D.reported报道。根据下文中的"Oh this isn"t for the I had. I take that as a.No， this is for setting my hair yesterday."可知，这是病人所说的话，病人看到护士们的不接受钱的这一举动很困惑，所以她要解释一下，对护士们做出回应。故选C.

（17）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A.courage勇气；B.patience耐心；C.duty责任，义务；D.care关心，照料。根据下文中的Oh this isn"t for the（17）I had. 可知，这不是给你们照料我的费用。故选D.

（18）B. 考查名词及语境理解。A.goal目标；B.given给予；C.push推，激励；D.greeting问候。根据下文中的I take that as a（18）.No， this is for setting my hair yesterday.可知，我将它视为一种给予。不，这是给你们昨天打理我头发的钱。故选B.

（19）C. 考查动词及语境理解。A.risking冒险；B.changing改变；C.saving拯救；D.building建造。根据下文中的To many people，（19）lives is part of the job和上文中的while working as a nurse. 可知，对于许多人来说，作者作为一名护士，救死扶伤是他们工作的一部分。故选C.

（20）D. 考查名词及语境理解。A.honour荣誉；B.ability能力；C.opening开始，开幕式；D.extra额外的东西。根据下文中的but styling hair is an （20）and should be rewarded. 可知，救死扶伤是他们工作的一部分，但是打理头发是一项额外的工作，这份工作应该得到回报。故选D.

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

17．（15分）Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places. It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become （1）educated（educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics， and often provides money for conservation and benefits the（2）development（develop） of the local areas.

Ecotourism has（3）its（it） origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4）untilthe late 1980s. During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.

Due to（5）thegrowing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types（6）oftrips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：

●Minimize the impact of （7）visiting（visit）the place.

●Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.

●Provide（8）financial（finance） aid and other benefits for local peoples.

●Make sure that the tourism provides positive experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.

Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9）Activities（activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim（10）to have（have） a low impact on the natural environment.

【解析】（1）educated.考查过去分词。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。educate和宾语之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词to become educated作宾补，故填educated.

（2）development.考查名词的数。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填development.

（3）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填its.

（4）until.考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。not...until直到……才，为固定搭配，故填until.

（5）the.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。特指与环境相关的旅行，所以用定冠词，故填the.

（6）of.考查固定搭配。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of各种类型的，故填of.

（7）visiting.考查动名词。句意：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。作介词的宾语，后跟自己的宾语，所以用动名词，故填visiting.

（8）financial.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填financial.

（9）Activities.考查名词的数。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。作主语，谓语用动词原形，所以用复数名词，故填Activities.

（10）to have.考查不定式。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。aim to do sth.旨在做某事，故填to have.

第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）

18．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion，students can benefit a lot doing some housework. Firstly，doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also，it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.What"s most，doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.That"s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

【解析】I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals.I also water the flowers in the yard and tidying up my own bedroom whatever necessary. In my opinion，students can benefit a lot∧ doing some housework. Firstly，doing housework was helpful for us to be a responsible person. Also，it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship.What"s most，doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.That"s our view on housework. And hopes this can inspire more thinking on the topic!

详解

1.dish改为dishes.考查名词。句意：我总是在饭后帮父母洗碗。结合句意可知，此处表示不止一个碗，故用名词的复数形式，故dish改为dishes.

2.tidying改为tidy.考查动词时态。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理自己的卧室。分析句子可知，此处与water 并列作谓语动词，句子在讲述一般事实，句子用一般现在时，故tidying改为tidy.

3.whatever改为whenever.考查让步状语从句。句意：我也给院子里的花浇水，必要时整理自己的卧室。分析句子可知，此处引导让步状语从句，结合句意可知，此处表示"无论什么时候"，故whatever改为whenever.

4.doing前加from.考查介词。句意：在我看来，学生们可以从做家务中受益匪浅。固定搭配benefit from...表示"从...中获益"符合语境，故doing前加from.

5.was改为is.考查动词时态。句意：首先，做家务有助于我们成为一个负责任的人。结合句意可知，此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为doing，谓语动词用三单形式，故was改为is.

6.去掉are.考查实意动词。句意：而且，这给了我们的父母更多的时间做他们喜欢做的事情，也改善了家庭关系。结合句意可知，此处like表示"喜欢"为实意动词，前面不需要系动词及are，故去掉are.

7.most改为more.考查比较级。句意：更重要的是，做家务可以是一种从学习中得到的精神放松。what"s more表示"更重要的是"符合语境，故most改为more.

8.mentally改为mental.考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，做家务可以是一种从学习中得到的精神放松。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词relaxation，形容词修饰名词，故mentally改为mental.

9.our改为my.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这是我对家务的看法。结合全文和句意可知，在讲述"我的看法"，故our改为my.

10.hopes改为hope.考查祈使句。句意：希望这能激发更多的思考。分析句子可知，此处为祈使句，用动词原形开头，故hopes改为hope.

第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）

19．（25分）你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：

1.分析优势与不足；

2.提出学习建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.题目和首句已为你写好。

【范文】

Be smart online learners

Hi， everyone! I am more than happy to have the opportunity to show my opinion over how to be smart online learners.（点明主题）

Owing to the outbreak and persistence of COVID﹣19， we have more opportunities to learn online. Online learning can help us avoid the risk of infection and the labor of going to and from school， but without the supervision of teachers， our learning effect is very poor.（分析优势与不足）

In order to be smart online learners， we need to make a learning plan for ourselves and stick to it. In addition， we need to distinguish between learning and entertainment places， so that we will be more devoted to learning in a quiet atmosphere. 【高分句型一】What"s the most is that as the old saying goes， "Where there is a will， there is a way." 【高分句型二】If we have a strong will to study hard， we are sure to be smart online learners.（提出学习建议）

Hope my tips will be of help to you. Thank you for listening.（结束语）

本文如果对你有帮助，请点赞收藏《2021年全国统一高考英语试卷（乙卷）试题解析》，同时在此感谢原作者。