英语语法中形容词的比较

时间：2015-02-11

例如，一个人可能聪明，但另一个人可能更聪明，第三个人可能是三者中最聪明的

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Comparison of Adjectives | English Grammar 英语语法中形容词的比较

Comparative and Superlative Adjectives: Rules and Examples 比较和最高级形容词：规则和例子

In many languages, some adjectivesare comparable – comparison of adjectives. For example, a person may be “intelligent”, but another person may be “more intelligent”, and a third person may be the “most intelligent” of the three. The word “more” here modifies the adjective “intelligent” to indicate a comparison is being made, and “most” modifies the adjective to indicate an absolute comparison (a superlative). 在许多语言中，有些形容词具有可比性。例如，一个人可能“聪明”，但另一个人可能“更聪明”，第三个人可能是三者中“最聪明的”。这里的单词more修饰形容词“intelligent”表示正在进行比较，而“most”修饰形容词表示绝对比较(最高级)。

Three Forms of Comparison of Adjectives in English 英语形容词比较的三种形式

Positive: it is an ordinary form of adjectives 积极的:它是形容词的一种普通形式

Comparative: shows when two persons or objects being compared 比较级:显示两个人或物体被比较时的情况

Superlative: indicates that the quality or quantity is at its highest or is most intense 最高级的:指质量或数量处于最高或最强烈的状态

Comparative are used to describe people and things. 比较级用来描述人和事物。– My car is fast but John’s car is faster. 我的车很快，但约翰的车更快。

– Emily is tall but Sophia is taller. 艾米丽很高，但索菲娅更高。

– I need a bigger car 我需要一辆更大的车

“Than” is used to compare one thing with another. “Than”用来比较一件事和另一件事。– Henry is older than Tom. 亨利比汤姆年长。

– Emily is smarter than Sophia. 艾米丽比索菲亚聪明。

– The second test was easier than the first one. 第二次考试比第一次考试容易。

“The” is used with a superlative: “The”与最高级连用:– Where Are the Tallest Buildings in the World? 世界上最高的建筑在哪里?

– Harry is the tallest student in this class. 哈利是这个班最高的学生。

“As…as” is used to compare the attributes of two things that are equal “As…As”用来比较两个相等的东西的属性– Emily is as tall as Sophia. 艾米丽和索菲娅一样高。

– The first test is as easy as the second one. 第一个测试和第二个一样简单。

General Rules in Forming Comparison of Adjectives 形容词比较的一般规则

There are basic rules in forming the degrees of comparison: 形成比较度的基本规则有:

For one-syllable adjective, add –er to form comparative and –est for superlative. 对于单音节形容词，加-er构成最高级的比较级和最高级的-est。Examples: 例子:

clear / clearer / clearest, 清楚dark / darker / darkest 黑暗For most two-syllable adjectives, add –er for comparative and – est for superlative. 对于大多数双音节形容词，比较级加- er，最高级加- est。Examples: 例子:

simple / simpler / simplest, 简单gentle / gentler / gentlest 温柔For three or more syllables, always use more and most to form the comparative and superlative. 对于三个或更多的音节，总是使用更多和最多形成比较级和最高级。Examples: 例子:

creative / more creative / most creative 有创造力的/更有创造力的/最有创造力的Some adjectives end with a consonant letter y, change y to I and add –er or -est. 有些形容词以辅音字母y结尾，把y换成I，加上-er或-est。Examples: 例子:

busy / busier / busiest, 忙merry / merrier / merriestSome adjectives end with a single vowel and single final consonant letter. Double the final consonant and add –er/-est. 有些形容词以一个元音和一个尾辅音字母结尾。把最后一个辅音加倍，加上-er /-est。Examples: 例子:

thin / thinner / thinnest, 薄fat / fatter / fattest 胖When the adjectives end in “e”, add –r for the comparative and –st for superlative 当形容词以“e”结尾时，比较级加-r，最高级加-stExamples: 例子:

wise / wiser / wisest, 聪明simple / simpler / simplest 简单Irregular comparisons of adjectives are compared irregularly 形容词的不规则比较是不规则比较的Examples: 例子:

good / better / best 好的ill / worse / worst 生病Rules for Forming Comparatives 构成比较级的规则

Rules for Forming Superlatives 构成最高级的规则

Forming Comparatives, Superlatives and Equatives 形成比较级、最高级和等比级

Notes for Irregular Comparison of Adjectives 形容词不规则比较注意事项

(Exceptions) (异常)

Irregular Comparisons: 不规则的比较:

Far / Farther than / the Farthest 远Far / Further than / the Furthest 远Farther and Farthest generally refer to distance 远和最远一般指距离

Further and Furthest also refer to distance but they may have the meaning of “additional” “远”和“远”也指距离，但它们可能有“附加”的意思

“His voice carried farther than mine.” “他的声音比我的声音传得更远。”

“Further analysis of the data is needed.” “需要对数据进行进一步分析。”

Old / Older than / the Oldest 老Old / Elder than / the Eldest 老Older and Oldest refer to persons or things; 老年人和老年人指的是人或事;